Paradigm Class - Hypercapnia/Air Hunger

Hypercapnia/Air Hunger

The state of excessive carbon dioxide in the bloodstream, typically caused by inadequate respiration. Classically known as respiratory distress or air-hunger, it can be experimentally induced by having the subject perform a static apnea or breath-holding task; by training subjects to use a mechanical ventilator or using an experimenter-controlled air-supply device; or by having the subject inhale different mixtures of oxygen and carbon dioxide. First: Opie, Smith & Spalding, 1959 Most: Evans, et al. 2002

126 Subjects
Z Score Image max: 5
Sleuth Workspace
15 relevant publications
34 experimental contrasts
457 coordinates reported

Co-coded Terms

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Paradigm Class - Word Generation (Overt) Paradigm Class - Word Imageability Paradigm Class - Word Stem Completion (Covert) Paradigm Class - Word Stem Completion (Overt) Paradigm Class - Writing Behavioral Domain - Action.Execution, All Subdomains Behavioral Domain - Action.Execution.Speech Behavioral Domain - Action.Imagination Behavioral Domain - Action.Inhibition Behavioral Domain - Action.Motor Learning Behavioral Domain - Action.Observation Behavioral Domain - Action.Preparation Behavioral Domain - Cognition, All Subdomains Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Attention Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Language, All Subtypes Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Language.Orthography Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Language.Phonology Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Language.Semantics Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Language.Speech Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Language.Syntax Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Memory, All Subtypes Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Memory.Explicit Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Memory.Implicit Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Memory.Working Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Music Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Reasoning Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Social Cognition Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Somatic Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Spatial Behavioral Domain - Cognition.Temporal Behavioral Domain - Emotion, All Subdomains Behavioral Domain - Emotion.Intensity Behavioral Domain - Emotion.Negative, All Subdomains Behavioral Domain - Emotion.Negative.Anger Behavioral Domain - Emotion.Negative.Anxiety Behavioral Domain - Emotion.Negative.Disgust Behavioral Domain - Emotion.Negative.Embarrassment Behavioral Domain - Emotion.Negative.Fear Behavioral Domain - Emotion.Negative.Guilt Behavioral Domain - Emotion.Negative.Punishment/Loss Behavioral Domain - Emotion.Negative.Sadness Behavioral Domain - Emotion.Positive, All Subdomains ICD Code - F52.21 ICD Code - F60.1 ICD Code - F60.2 ICD Code - F60.3 ICD Code - F63.3 ICD Code - F63.81 ICD Code - F64.0 ICD Code - F65.4 ICD Code - F65.5 Instruction - Fixate Instruction - Generate Instruction - Identify Instruction - Imagine Instruction - Indicate Instruction - Inhale Instruction - Inhibit Instruction - Learn Instruction - Listen Instruction - Meditate Instruction - Move Instruction - Name Instruction - Passive/Rest Behavioral Domain - Emotion.Positive.Happiness Behavioral Domain - Emotion.Positive.Humor Behavioral Domain - Emotion.Positive.Reward/Gain Behavioral Domain - Emotion.Valence Behavioral Domain - Interoception, All Subdomains Behavioral Domain - Interoception.Baroregulation Behavioral Domain - Interoception.Gastrointestinal/Genitourinary (GI/GU) Behavioral Domain - Interoception.Heartbeat Detection Behavioral Domain - Interoception.Hunger Behavioral Domain - Interoception.Osmoregulation Behavioral Domain - Interoception.Respiration Regulation Behavioral Domain - Interoception.Sexuality Behavioral Domain - Interoception.Sleep Behavioral Domain - Interoception.Thermoregulation Behavioral Domain - Interoception.Thirst Behavioral Domain - Interoception.Vestibular Behavioral Domain - Perception, All Subdomains Behavioral Domain - Perception.Audition Behavioral Domain - Perception.Gustation Behavioral Domain - Perception.Olfaction Behavioral Domain - Perception.Somesthesis.Pain Behavioral Domain - Perception.Vision, All Subdomains Behavioral Domain - Perception.Vision.Color Behavioral Domain - Perception.Vision.Motion Behavioral Domain - Perception.Vision.Shape ICD Code - E25.9 ICD Code - E66 ICD Code - F10.1 ICD Code - F17.2 ICD Code - F19.9 ICD Code - F20 ICD Code - F25 ICD Code - F29 ICD Code - F31 ICD Code - F33 ICD Code - F34.89 ICD Code - F40.1 ICD Code - F40.2 ICD Code - F41.0 ICD Code - F41.1 ICD Code - F42 ICD Code - F43.10 ICD Code - F44 ICD Code - F45.22 ICD Code - F45.4 ICD Code - F50.2 ICD Code - F52.0 Instruction - Perform Instruction - Read Instruction - Recall Instruction - Repeat Instruction - Sing Instruction - Touch Instruction - Track Instruction - View Instruction - Write Paradigm Class - Affective Words Paradigm Class - Anti-Saccades Paradigm Class - Braille Reading Paradigm Class - Classical Conditioning Paradigm Class - Counting/Calculation Paradigm Class - Deception Paradigm Class - Delayed Match to Sample Paradigm Class - Drawing Paradigm Class - Emotion Induction Paradigm Class - Encoding Paradigm Class - Episodic Recall Paradigm Class - Estimation Paradigm Class - Face Monitor/Discrimination Paradigm Class - Figurative Language Paradigm Class - Fixation Paradigm Class - Flashing Checkerboard Paradigm Class - Fluency Induction Paradigm Class - Go/No-Go Paradigm Class - Hand-Eye Coordination Paradigm Class - Affective Pictures Paradigm Class - Hypercapnia/Air Hunger Paradigm Class - Imagined Movement Paradigm Class - Imagined Objects/Scenes Paradigm Class - Induced Panic Paradigm Class - Magnitude Comparison (Distance) Paradigm Class - Magnitude Comparison (Non-symbolic/Numerical) Paradigm Class - Magnitude Comparison (Symbolic/Numerical) Paradigm Class - Micturition Paradigm Class - Music Comprehension Paradigm Class - n-back Paradigm Class - Oddball Discrimination Paradigm Class - Olfactory Monitor/Discrimination Paradigm Class - Pain Monitor/Discrimination Paradigm Class - Passive Listening Paradigm Class - Phonological Discrimination Paradigm Class - Pitch Monitor/Discrimination Paradigm Class - Pursuit Rotor/Manual Tracking Paradigm Class - Reading (Overt) Paradigm Class - Recitation/Repetition (Covert) Paradigm Class - Recitation/Repetition (Overt) Paradigm Class - Reward Paradigm Class - Saccades Paradigm Class - Self-Reflection Paradigm Class - Semantic Monitor/Discrimination Paradigm Class - Sequence Recall/Learning Paradigm Class - Stroop-Color Paradigm Class - Stroop-Emotional Paradigm Class - Stroop-Other Paradigm Class - Syntactic Discrimination Paradigm Class - Tactile Monitor/Discrimination Paradigm Class - Task Switching Paradigm Class - Taste Paradigm Class - Thirst Induction Paradigm Class - Tower of London Paradigm Class - Trauma Recall Paradigm Class - Vibrotactile Monitor/Discrimination Paradigm Class - Video Games Paradigm Class - Visual Object Identification Paradigm Class - Visuospatial Attention Paradigm Class - Word Generation (Covert) Context - Aging Context - Handedness Context - Pharmacology Paradigm Class - Competition/Cooperation Paradigm Class - Delay Discounting Paradigm Class - Driving Paradigm Class - Flexion/Extension Paradigm Class - Pointing Paradigm Class - Stroop-Spatial Paradigm Class - Theory of Mind Paradigm Class - Tone Monitor/Discrimination Paradigm Class - Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Paradigm Class - Vestibular Stimulation Paradigm Class - Visual Motion Paradigm Class - Visual Pursuit/Tracking Paradigm Class - Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Paradigm Class - Naming (Covert) Paradigm Class - Acupuncture Context - Language Context - Learning Context - Emotion Context - Gender Context - Genetic Context - Experimental Design Context - Disease Context - Normal Mapping Stimulus Type - 3D Objects Stimulus Type - Acupuncture Stimulus Type - Braille Stimulus Type - Clicks Stimulus Type - Faces Stimulus Type - Fixation Point Stimulus Type - Flashing Checkerboard Stimulus Type - Fractals Stimulus Type - Heat Stimulus Type - Letters Stimulus Type - Music Stimulus Type - Noise Stimulus Type - Nonvocal Sounds Stimulus Type - Pictures Stimulus Type - Pain Stimulus Type - Random Dots External Assessment - Accuracy External Assessment - Age External Assessment - Anhedonia Scores External Assessment - Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)/Beck Anxiety Inventory-Trait (BAIT) External Assessment - Beck Depression Inventory (BDI/BDI-1A/BDI-II) External Assessment - Behavioral Data External Assessment - Bladder Fluid Volume External Assessment - Blood Pressure External Assessment - Body Mass Index (BMI) External Assessment - Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) External Assessment - Differential Negativity External Assessment - Disease Symptom Assessment External Assessment - Electrocardiogram (ECG) External Assessment - Electroencephalogram (EEG) External Assessment - Electromyography (EMG) External Assessment - Electrooculography (EOG) External Assessment - Emotional Modulation External Assessment - Entorhinal Cortex Thickness External Assessment - Free Association Values External Assessment - Fundamental Power Quotient (FPQ) External Assessment - Genotype External Assessment - Ghrelin Levels External Assessment - Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) External Assessment - Heart Rate External Assessment - Memory External Assessment - Memory Load External Assessment - Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) External Assessment - Neuroticism External Assessment - Number Solved External Assessment - Penile Tumescence Stimulus Type - Reversed Speech Stimulus Type - Syllables Stimulus Type - Symbols Stimulus Type - TMS Stimulus Type - Vibratory Stimulation Stimulus Type - Words Instruction - Count Instruction - Detect Instruction - Discriminate Response Type - Button Press Response Type - Draw Response Type - Drink Response Type - Flexion/Extension Response Type - Grasp Response Type - Smile Response Type - Speech Response Type - Swallow Response Type - Whistle Response Type - Write Response Type - Saccades Stimulus Type - Stories Stimulus Type - Tools Stimulus Type - Vibration Stimulus Type - Video Stimulus Type - Videogame Stimulus Type - Vestibular Stimulation Stimulus Type - Tactile Stimulation Stimulus Type - Sounds (Environmental) Stimulus Type - Short Sentences Stimulus Content - Color External Assessment - Electrodermal Activity (EDA) (galvanic skin response/electrodermal response/psychogalvanic reflex/skin conductance) Stimulus Content - Neutral Stimulus Content - Pleasure Stimulus Content - Reward Stimulus Content - Semantics Stimulus Content - Shape (visual) External Assessment - Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) External Assessment - Dissociation Experiences Scale (DES) External Assessment - Emotional Recognition Accuracy External Assessment - Error rate External Assessment - Grip Force External Assessment - Pain Rating External Assessment - Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Stimulus Type - Blurred disk External Assessment - Differential Positivity Paradigm Class - Drug Challenge Paradigm Class - Urine Witholding ICD Code - E29.1 ICD Code - F45.1 ICD Code - F50.81 ICD Code - K14.6 ICD Code - M26.6 ICD Code - R45.4 ICD Code - S14 External Assessment - Adult Hyperactivity Interview (AHI) External Assessment - Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) External Assessment - Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) External Assessment - California Child Q-Sort External Assessment - Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT) External Assessment - Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals (CELF-3) External Assessment - Education External Assessment - Empathy Quotient (EQ) External Assessment - Familiarity External Assessment - Frequency External Assessment - Gaze Duration Context - Treatment Stimulus Modality - Visual Instruction - Choose Instruction - Describe Instruction - Experience Instruction - Look Instruction - Maintain Instruction - Predict Instruction - Rate Instruction - Report Instruction - Tap Instruction - Think Instruction - Update Response Laterality - Bilateral Stimulus Laterality - Bilateral Response Laterality - Left Response Laterality - Varying Response Type - Imagine Response Type - Meditate Response Type - Read Response Modality - Arm Response Modality - Foot Response Modality - Hand Response Modality - Leg Response Modality - Other Response Modality - Pelvis Response Modality - Shoulder Stimulus Type - Abstract/Geometrical Stimulus Type - Animations Stimulus Type - Cartoons Stimulus Type - Dots Stimulus Type - Inhalation Stimulus Type - Images Stimulus Type - EMF Stimulus Type - Instruction Stimulus Type - Interactive Computer Game Stimulus Type - Interactive Computer Program Stimulus Type - Lines Stimulus Type - Mathematical Equation Stimulus Type - Playing Cards Stimulus Type - Pressure Stimulus Type - Sentences Stimulus Type - Sketches Paradigm Class - Cued Explicit Recognition/Recall Paradigm Class - Divided Auditory Attention Paradigm Class - Emotional Body Language Perception Paradigm Class - Film Viewing Paradigm Class - Finger Tapping/Button Press Paradigm Class - Flanker Paradigm Class - Free List Word Recall Paradigm Class - Gambling Paradigm Class - Grasping Paradigm Class - Hunger/Satiety Paradigm Class - Isometric Force Paradigm Class - Lexical Decision Paradigm Class - Magnitude Comparison (Luminance) Paradigm Class - Magnitude Comparison (Physical Size) Paradigm Class - Meditation Paradigm Class - Mental Rotation Paradigm Class - Motor Learning Paradigm Class - Multi-Tasking Paradigm Class - Music Production Paradigm Class - Object Manipulation/Discrimination Paradigm Class - Naming (Overt) ICD Code - F80.81 Paradigm Class - Orthographic Discrimination ICD Code - F81.2 ICD Code - F84.0 ICD Code - F84.5 ICD Code - F84.9 ICD Code - F88 Paradigm Class - Paired Associate Recall ICD Code - F90 ICD Code - F91 ICD Code - F95.2 ICD Code - F98 Paradigm Class - Passive Viewing Paradigm Class - Reading (Covert) Paradigm Class - Reasoning/Problem Solving ICD Code - G10 Paradigm Class - Sexual Arousal/Gratification Paradigm Class - Sleep Paradigm Class - Stroop-Counting ICD Code - G11.9 ICD Code - G12.21 ICD Code - G20 ICD Code - G24.4 ICD Code - G24.5 ICD Code - G25.89 ICD Code - G30 ICD Code - G31.0 ICD Code - G31.01 ICD Code - G31.84 ICD Code - G35 ICD Code - G40.2 ICD Code - G40.B ICD Code - G40.89 ICD Code - G43 ICD Code - G47.41 ICD Code - G80 ICD Code - G89.2 ICD Code - G90.3 ICD Code - G93.9 ICD Code - H54.0 ICD Code - H90 ICD Code - I63 ICD Code - K58 ICD Code - M05 ICD Code - M19 ICD Code - M32 ICD Code - M54.5 ICD Code - M79.7 ICD Code - N94.1 ICD Code - N94.2 ICD Code - N94.3 ICD Code - P04.3 ICD Code - Q82.0 ICD Code - Q86.0 ICD Code - Q93.81 ICD Code - Q96 ICD Code - Q99.2 ICD Code - R20.8 ICD Code - R32 ICD Code - R40.3 ICD Code - R43.0 ICD Code - R43.2 ICD Code - R45.84 ICD Code - R45.89 ICD Code - R47.01 ICD Code - R48.0 Stimulus Type - Letters and abstract objects Stimulus Type - Lights ICD Code - R53 Stimulus Type - Nonverbal Vocal Sounds ICD Code - S06.02 ICD Code - S24 ICD Code - T14 Stimulus Type - Number Stimulus Type - Numbers Stimulus Type - Objects ICD Code - Z14 ICD Code - Z15 ICD Code - Z72.6 ICD Code - Z81.8 ICD Code - Z82.49 ICD Code - Z91.49 Stimulus Modality - Auditory Stimulus Modality - Gustatory Stimulus Modality - Interoceptive Stimulus Modality - Olfactory Stimulus Modality - Other Stimulus Modality - Tactile Stimulus Content - Action (bodily) Stimulus Content - Category (semantic) Stimulus Content - Emotion (negative) Stimulus Content - Emotion (positive) Stimulus Content - Pain Stimulus Content - Shape (tactile) Stimulus Content - Thirst Stimulus Type - Abstract Patterns Stimulus Type - Air Puff Stimulus Type - Arrow Stimulus Type - Asian Characters Stimulus Type - Cold Stimulus Type - Electricity Stimulus Type - Faces and Scenes Stimulus Type - False Font Stimulus Type - Film Clip Stimulus Type - Food Stimulus Type - Heartbeat Stimulus Type - Infusion Stimulus Type - Pseudowords Stimulus Type - Scenes Stimulus Type - Shapes Stimulus Type - Spinner Stimulus Type - Target Stimulus Type - Thermal stimulation Stimulus Type - Tones Stimulus Type - Traumatic script Stimulus Type - Uniform Screen Stimulus Type - Vignettes Stimulus Laterality - Left Stimulus Laterality - Midline Stimulus Laterality - Right Stimulus Laterality - Varying Response Modality - Oral/Facial Response Modality - Torso Response Modality - Wrist Response Type - Blink Response Type - Breath-Hold Response Type - Finger Tapping Response Type - Inhale Response Type - Manipulate Response Type - Micturate Response Type - Point Response Type - Press Response Laterality - Not Applicable Response Laterality - Right Instruction - Add Instruction - Answer Instruction - Anticipate Instruction - Attend Instruction - Encode Instruction - Exhale External Assessment - Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) External Assessment - Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) External Assessment - Hormone Levels External Assessment - Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) External Assessment - Length External Assessment - Maternal Sensitivity External Assessment - Obsessive–Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS) External Assessment - Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist - Civilian (PCL-C) External Assessment - Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Military Version (PCL) External Assessment - Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) External Assessment - ROI Activity External Assessment - Reaction Time External Assessment - Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMIE) External Assessment - Respiratory Data External Assessment - Response Consistency External Assessment - Response Data External Assessment - Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R) External Assessment - SPECT Factor Score External Assessment - Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) External Assessment - Sensitivity d' External Assessment - Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ) External Assessment - Sexual Arousal External Assessment - Size of Corpus Callosum External Assessment - South Oaks Gambling Survey (SOGS) External Assessment - State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) External Assessment - State-Trait Personality Inventory (STPI) External Assessment - Stuttering Rate External Assessment - Switch Positivity (P3) External Assessment - Syllable Rate External Assessment - Symptom Severity External Assessment - Task Difficulty External Assessment - Task Performance External Assessment - Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) External Assessment - Temperature External Assessment - Thirst Ratings External Assessment - Time Since Trauma (TST) External Assessment - Urine Toxicology External Assessment - Verbal Fluency External Assessment - Weight External Assessment - Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) Stimulus Content - Emotion Stimulus Content - Imagability Stimulus Content - Taste Stimulus Type - Vocal Sounds Response Laterality - Midline Instruction - Estimate Instruction - Swallow Paradigm Class - Chewing/Swallowing ICD Code - Z81.1 Stimulus Type - Digits Response Modality - Ocular Instruction - Consume External Assessment - Recovery Time ICD Code - F50.0 Stimulus Type - Odor Behavioral Domain - Perception.Somesthesis, All Subdomains External Assessment - Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) External Assessment - Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) External Assessment - Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RDQ) External Assessment - Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) External Assessment - Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) External Assessment - Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) External Assessment - Sugar Content External Assessment - Binge Eating Scale (BES) Stimulus Content - Motion (object) Instruction - Saccade Paradigm Class - Lip Pursing/Tongue Movement Paradigm Class - Controlled Breathing Paradigm Class - Lower-body Negative Pressure (LBNP) Stimulus Content - Congruence Stimulus Content - Somatotopy External Assessment - Lesion Load

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